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《资本论第一卷第十章“工作日”》Capital, Vol. I, Chapter 10: The Working Day

Capital, Vol. I, Chapter 10: The Working DayOriginal title: 资本论第一卷第十章“工作日”

马克思Karl Marx 1867 excerpt · core 政治经济学、阶级与劳动、阶级分析Political Economy, Class and Labor, Class Analysis

《资本论第一卷第十章“工作日”》围绕理解资本、价值、工资、积累和危机如何作为社会关系运转展开：通过工作日斗争说明时间如何成为阶级冲突的核心。用问题式笔记进入：写作处境、论证骨架、关键词和现实适用范围分别核查。Capital, Vol. I, Chapter 10: The Working Day helps readers understand how capital, value, wages, accumulation, and crisis operate as social relations: Shows how time becomes a central terrain of class struggle through the working day. Treat source checking as part of interpretation, not as a separate administrative step.

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进入精品复核轨道，但在五项人工签核完成前，不显示为已人工复核。Placed on the featured review track; it is not labeled human-reviewed until all five checks are signed off.

人工复核：待五项签核Human review: pending five signoffs

中文来源入口Chinese sourceEnglish sourceEnglish source返回作品目录Back to catalog
资本论第一卷第十章“工作日” 站内资料视觉卡，包含作者、年份和主题意象。 / Capital, Vol. I, Chapter 10: The Working Day site-generated reference visual card with author, year, and thematic imagery.
《资本论第一卷第十章“工作日”》站内生成资料视觉卡Capital, Vol. I, Chapter 10: The Working Day site-generated reference visual card 本站基于作品元数据生成的原创资料视觉卡；未直接复制外部图片、现代书封、商业封面或二创图。Site-original reference visual generated from local work metadata; no external image, modern book cover, commercial cover, or fan artwork is copied. International Marxist-Leninist Research & Action Network · Site-original generated visual card from local work metadata; no external image copiedInternational Marxist-Leninist Research & Action Network · Site-original generated visual card from local work metadata; no external image copied

导读摘要Guide Summary

这篇讲什么What This Text Addresses

历史背景Historical Background

工作日章节把剩余价值理论带入工时、法律和工人抵抗的历史材料，显示资本增殖如何争夺劳动者时间。The chapter on the working day brings surplus-value theory into the history of hours, law, and worker resistance, showing how valorization contests workers’ time.

文本结构Text Structure

文本从工作日界限问题出发，比较资本的延长冲动、工人阶级的限制要求和工厂法的历史形成。It begins with the limits of the working day, compares capital’s drive to extend it with workers’ demands for limits, and traces factory legislation.

核心概念Key Concepts

  • 工作日
  • 绝对剩余价值
  • 工厂法
  • 劳动时间
  • 阶级力量
  • working day
  • absolute surplus value
  • factory acts
  • labor time
  • class power

阅读顺序Reading Order

先通读标题、目录和推荐理由，再围绕“工作日”“绝对剩余价值”标注段落，最后把文本放回学习阶段任务中复盘。First read the title, outline, and recommendation; then mark passages around “working day” and “absolute surplus value”; finally review it through the stage task.

推荐理由与学习路径Reason and Study Path

为什么读这篇Why Read This Text

建议作为03 政治经济学：理解资本运动的阅读材料：它能帮助读者围绕政治经济学、阶级与劳动形成可核验的文本笔记。Recommended as Entry reading: it helps place Political Economy and Class and Labor in a systematic path. Current text status: Metadata and source lookup only.

03 政治经济学：理解资本运动03 Political Economy: Understanding the Motion of Capital

阅读训练Reading Training

阅读前先知道Before Reading

  • 为什么劳动时间是阶级斗争焦点？
  • 法律限制工时为何不是中立恩赐？
  • 劳动者的健康如何进入价值增殖问题？
  • Why is labor time a focus of class struggle?
  • Why are legal limits on hours not neutral gifts?
  • How does workers’ health enter the problem of valorization?

阅读训练Reading Training

阅读后检查After Reading

检查问题Review Questions

  • 能否说明工作日界限如何由力量关系决定？
  • 能否把章节与当代加班、排班和平台算法联系起来？
  • 能否指出历史材料如何服务理论论证？
  • Can you explain how limits on the working day are shaped by force relations?
  • Can you connect the chapter to overtime, scheduling, or platform algorithms?
  • Can you show how historical materials support theoretical argument?

常见误区Common Misreadings

  • 把工时问题看成个人时间管理。
  • 把劳动法看成脱离阶级力量的纯技术规则。
  • 只读轶事而忽略剩余价值逻辑。
  • Treating working hours as individual time management.
  • Treating labor law as a technical rule detached from class forces.
  • Reading anecdotes while missing the logic of surplus value.

本阶段学习任务Stage Task

用公开资料记录一个行业的工时制度、加班规则和监管争议，并标注来源。Use public sources to record hours, overtime rules, and regulatory debates in one industry, with citations.

公开来源入口Public Source Entries

从可追溯来源开始阅读Start from Traceable Sources

本站优先提供作品导读、版本说明、引用格式和可追溯的公开来源入口；未核验为公版或授权的全文不复制到站内。This site prioritizes work guides, edition notes, citation format, and traceable public source entries; unverified or unauthorized full texts are not copied locally.

公开来源检索Chinese source英文来源入口Archive index entry

引用格式Citation

马克思：《资本论第一卷第十章“工作日”》，1867。国际马列主义研究与行动网络：https://imra-network.org/articles/capital-vol1-ch10-working-day.html

导读来源说明Guide Source

导读如何生成How This Guide Was Prepared

导读依据：元数据生成，待人工复核Metadata-derived guide, pending human review

该导读仅依据作品元数据、主题、阶段和来源检索入口生成，仍需人工复核。This guide is derived from catalog metadata, themes, stages, and source lookup entries; it needs human review.

该导读仍需人工复核。This guide still needs human review.

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中文文献格式Chinese citation format

马克思：《资本论第一卷第十章“工作日”》，1867。国际马列主义研究与行动网络，https://imra-network.org/en/articles/capital-vol1-ch10-working-day.html。

MLA

Karl Marx. "Capital, Vol. I, Chapter 10: The Working Day." International Marxist Reading Archive, 1867, https://imra-network.org/en/articles/capital-vol1-ch10-working-day.html.

Chicago

Karl Marx. "Capital, Vol. I, Chapter 10: The Working Day." International Marxist Reading Archive. Accessed June 21, 2026. https://imra-network.org/en/articles/capital-vol1-ch10-working-day.html.

读完你应该能回答什么What You Should Be Able to Answer

阅读后问题Reading Outcome Questions

  1. 《资本论第一卷第十章“工作日”》是在回应什么历史处境、理论争论或组织问题？What historical situation, theoretical debate, or organizational problem does Capital, Vol. I, Chapter 10: The Working Day address?
  2. 它如何说明资本、工资、价值、积累或危机不是单纯经济数字，而是社会关系？How does it show capital, wages, value, accumulation, or crisis as social relations rather than merely economic numbers?
  3. 它的核心论证分几步推进，哪些概念不能只按口号理解？What are the main steps in the argument, and which concepts should not be reduced to slogans?
  4. 哪些判断需要回到具体版本、来源和写作对象中核验？Which claims need to be checked against the specific edition, source, and intended audience?

常见误读Common Misreadings

不要这样读Avoid These Readings

  • 不要把文本只当作脱离历史处境的口号或结论表。Do not treat the text as a list of slogans detached from its historical situation.
  • 不要把剩余价值、工资或资本关系简化为普通低工资问题。Do not reduce surplus value, wages, or capital relations to a simple low-wage problem.
  • 不要把公开链接可访问误认为版权、译本或版本身份已经授权。Do not confuse a reachable public link with copyright, translation, or edition authorization.

文本关系网Text Network

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