专题索引Topics

按问题进入经典文本Enter Classic Texts by Question

专题不是替代原著,而是帮助读者围绕现实问题组织阅读。Topics do not replace the originals; they organize reading around real questions.

统一搜索Unified Search

搜索页面、作品、作者、专题和资源Search pages, works, authors, topics, and resources

阶级直觉:看见资本主义日常 / 政治经济学:理解资本运动 / 国家、阶级统治与革命问题 / 方法论:从感受进入历史唯物主义 / 帝国主义、殖民体系与世界革命

政治经济学Political Economy

价值、工资、剩余价值、积累、危机和资本主义生产方式。Value, wages, surplus value, accumulation, crisis, and capitalist production.

核心问题Core Questions

  • 价值和剩余价值如何从日常工资关系中被生产出来?
  • 资本积累为什么同时制造财富、贫困和周期性危机?
  • 价格、利润、工资这些表象怎样遮蔽社会关系?
  • How are value and surplus value produced through everyday wage relations?
  • Why does accumulation produce wealth, poverty, and recurrent crisis together?
  • How do price, profit, and wage appearances hide social relations?

入门阅读Entry Reading 《雇佣劳动与资本》Wage Labour and Capital《工资、价格和利润》Value, Price and Profit《哥达纲领批判》Critique of the Gotha Programme《英国工人阶级状况》The Condition of the Working Class in England

核心阅读Core Reading 《1844年经济学哲学手稿》Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844《政治经济学批判》A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy《马克思主义的三个来源和三个组成部分》The Three Sources and Three Component Parts of Marxism《论十大关系》On the Ten Major Relationships《改革还是革命?》Reform or Revolution

进阶阅读Advanced Reading 《哲学的贫困》The Poverty of Philosophy《资本论第一卷》Capital, Volume I《资本论第二卷》Capital, Volume II《资本论第三卷》Capital, Volume III《政治经济学批判大纲》Outlines of a Critique of Political Economy

常见误区Common Misreadings

  • 把政治经济学读成普通市场经济学。
  • 把资本理解成物或资金,而不是支配劳动的社会关系。
  • 只谈贫富差距而不分析生产过程和剩余价值。
  • Reading political economy as ordinary market economics.
  • Treating capital as things or money rather than a social relation commanding labor.
  • Discussing inequality without analyzing production and surplus value.
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国家、阶级统治与革命问题 / 方法论:从感受进入历史唯物主义 / 帝国主义、殖民体系与世界革命 / 组织能力、群众工作与合法公共实践 / 国际主义协作与当代任务

国家理论Theory of the State

国家、民主形式、阶级统治、革命政权和公共权力。State power, democratic forms, class rule, revolutionary power, and public authority.

核心问题Core Questions

  • 国家为什么不是超阶级中立机器?
  • 民主、法律、军队和行政机构如何嵌入阶级统治?
  • 巴黎公社和过渡时期讨论怎样改变国家问题的提法?
  • Why is the state not a supra-class neutral machine?
  • How are democracy, law, military, and administration embedded in class rule?
  • How do the Paris Commune and transition debates change the state question?

入门阅读Entry Reading 《法兰西内战》The Civil War in France《哥达纲领批判》Critique of the Gotha Programme《家庭、私有制和国家的起源》The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State《国家与革命》The State and Revolution

核心阅读Core Reading 《黑格尔法哲学批判导言》Introduction to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right《路易·波拿巴的雾月十八日》The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte《四月提纲》The April Theses《中国的红色政权为什么能够存在?》Why Is It That Red Political Power Can Exist in China?《论联合政府》On Coalition Government

进阶阅读Advanced Reading 《黑格尔法哲学批判》Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right《论犹太人问题》On the Jewish Question《1848年至1850年的法兰西阶级斗争》The Class Struggles in France, 1848 to 1850《德国的革命和反革命》Revolution and Counter-Revolution in Germany《论权威》On Authority

常见误区Common Misreadings

  • 把国家理解成任何人都可中立使用的工具。
  • 把民主形式与阶级内容割裂。
  • 把历史经验机械套用到不同社会条件。
  • Treating the state as a neutral tool for anyone to use.
  • Separating democratic form from class content.
  • Mechanically applying historical experience to different social conditions.
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帝国主义、殖民体系与世界革命 / 国际主义协作与当代任务 / 组织能力、群众工作与合法公共实践 / 政治经济学:理解资本运动 / 阶级直觉:看见资本主义日常

帝国主义Imperialism

帝国主义、战争、殖民统治、世界市场和国际主义。Imperialism, war, colonial rule, world market, and internationalism.

核心问题Core Questions

  • 帝国主义为什么不是单纯的侵略政策,而是资本主义世界体系阶段?
  • 金融资本、资本输出、殖民体系和战争危机如何相互连接?
  • 民族解放与阶级斗争怎样在不平等世界体系中发生关系?
  • Why is imperialism not merely aggressive policy but a stage of the capitalist world system?
  • How are finance capital, capital export, colonial systems, and war crises connected?
  • How do national liberation and class struggle relate within an unequal world system?

入门阅读Entry Reading 《帝国主义是资本主义的最高阶段》Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism《民族和殖民地问题提纲初稿》Draft Theses on National and Colonial Questions《论持久战》On Protracted War《五一节的起源是什么?专题导读》What Are the Origins of May Day? Study Guide

核心阅读Core Reading 《社会主义与战争》Socialism and War《资本积累论》The Accumulation of Capital《尤尼乌斯小册子》The Junius Pamphlet: The Crisis of German Social Democracy《国际社会民主党的任务提纲》Theses on the Tasks of International Social-Democracy《帝国主义经济部分节选》Imperialism: Economic Chapters, Selected Sections

进阶阅读Advanced Reading 《第二国际的破产》The Collapse of the Second International《帝国主义和社会主义运动中的分裂》Imperialism and the Split in Socialism《论反对日本帝国主义的策略》On Tactics Against Japanese Imperialism《和平乌托邦》Peace Utopias《资本积累论反批判》The Accumulation of Capital: An Anti-Critique

常见误区Common Misreadings

  • 把帝国主义理解成单纯的侵略政策。
  • 把民族解放和阶级斗争机械割裂。
  • 把殖民地革命简单套用欧洲中心经验。
  • Reducing imperialism to aggressive foreign policy.
  • Mechanically separating national liberation from class struggle.
  • Applying Eurocentric experience directly to colonial revolutions.
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方法论:从感受进入历史唯物主义 / 阶级直觉:看见资本主义日常 / 政治经济学:理解资本运动 / 国际主义协作与当代任务 / 国家、阶级统治与革命问题

阶级与劳动Class and Labor

阶级形成、劳动过程、工人运动和社会关系。Class formation, labor process, workers’ movements, and social relations.

核心问题Core Questions

  • 阶级为什么不是收入分层,而是生产关系中的位置?
  • 工资、工时、住房、债务和平台管理如何构成劳动者日常控制?
  • 工人经验如何转化为公开资料、理论学习和合法互助?
  • Why is class not income stratification but position in production relations?
  • How do wages, hours, housing, debt, and platform management shape everyday control of workers?
  • How can workers’ experience become public documentation, theory study, and lawful mutual aid?

入门阅读Entry Reading 《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》Theses on Feuerbach《德意志意识形态》The German Ideology《雇佣劳动与资本》Wage Labour and Capital《共产党宣言》Manifesto of the Communist Party

核心阅读Core Reading 《1844年经济学哲学手稿》Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844《路易·波拿巴的雾月十八日》The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte《政治经济学批判》A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy《共产主义原理》Principles of Communism《路德维希·费尔巴哈和德国古典哲学的终结》Ludwig Feuerbach and the End of Classical German Philosophy

进阶阅读Advanced Reading 《神圣家族》The Holy Family《哲学的贫困》The Poverty of Philosophy《1848年至1850年的法兰西阶级斗争》The Class Struggles in France, 1848 to 1850《国际工人协会成立宣言》Inaugural Address of the International Working Men's Association《资本论第一卷》Capital, Volume I

常见误区Common Misreadings

  • 把阶级分析当作身份标签。
  • 把劳动问题缩小为个人努力或消费选择。
  • 把资料整理和群众经验割裂。
  • Treating class analysis as identity labeling.
  • Reducing labor issues to individual effort or consumer choice.
  • Separating documentation from mass experience.
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国家、阶级统治与革命问题 / 阶级直觉:看见资本主义日常

妇女解放Women’s Liberation

妇女解放、家庭、私有制、劳动和政治权利。Women’s liberation, family, private property, labor, and political rights.

核心问题Core Questions

  • 妇女压迫如何同劳动分工、家庭制度、财产关系和社会再生产相连?
  • 有偿劳动、无偿照护和公共服务怎样共同构成阶级问题?
  • 妇女解放为什么不能被附属为一般阶级问题的脚注?
  • How is women’s oppression linked to labor division, family institutions, property relations, and social reproduction?
  • How do paid labor, unpaid care, and public services form a class question together?
  • Why must women’s liberation not be reduced to a footnote of general class questions?

入门阅读Entry Reading 《家庭、私有制和国家的起源》The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State《妇女选举权与阶级斗争》Women’s Suffrage and Class Struggle《妇女解放专题导读》Women’s Liberation Study Guide

核心阅读Core Reading 《家庭、私有制和国家的起源节选》The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State, Selected Sections

进阶阅读Advanced Reading 《无产阶级妇女》The Proletarian Woman《妇女选举权和阶级斗争》Women's Suffrage and Class Struggle《皮歇论自杀》Peuchet on Suicide《家庭、私有制和国家的起源第九章节选》Origin of the Family, Chapter 9, Selected Sections《列宁论妇女问题回忆录》Lenin on the Woman Question

常见误区Common Misreadings

  • 把妇女问题只看成观念平等问题。
  • 把家庭和照护劳动自然化。
  • 把妇女解放与阶级斗争机械分离。
  • Treating the woman question only as equality of ideas.
  • Naturalizing family and care work.
  • Mechanically separating women’s liberation from class struggle.
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文化、意识形态与出版阵地 / 帝国主义、殖民体系与世界革命 / 组织能力、群众工作与合法公共实践 / 国际主义协作与当代任务

文化霸权Cultural Hegemony

文化、意识形态、教育、知识分子和领导权。Culture, ideology, education, intellectuals, and hegemony.

核心问题Core Questions

  • 统治为什么不仅依靠强制,也依靠常识、教育、媒体和文化制度?
  • 有机知识分子、刊物和公共教育怎样参与长期阵地建设?
  • 意识形态如何再生产社会关系并塑造主体?
  • Why does rule rely not only on coercion but also common sense, education, media, and cultural institutions?
  • How do organic intellectuals, publications, and public education participate in long-term positional work?
  • How does ideology reproduce social relations and form subjects?

入门阅读Entry Reading 《改造我们的学习》Reform Our Study《反对党八股》Oppose Stereotyped Party Writing《在延安文艺座谈会上的讲话》Talks at the Yenan Forum on Literature and Art《狱中札记》Prison Notebooks

核心阅读Core Reading 《狱中书信》Letters from Prison《世界革命与殖民地问题专题导读》World Revolution and the Colonial Question: Study Guide《群众、党和领袖专题导读》Masses, Party, and Leaders: Study Guide《历史与阶级意识》History and Class Consciousness《意识形态和意识形态国家机器》Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses

进阶阅读Advanced Reading 《党的组织和党的出版物》Party Organization and Party Literature《新经济政策和政治教育委员会的任务》The New Economic Policy and the Tasks of the Political Education Departments《反对自由主义》Combat Liberalism《整顿党的作风》Rectify the Party's Style of Work《为人民服务》Serve the People

常见误区Common Misreadings

  • 把文化霸权理解成简单宣传术。
  • 把知识分子理解成学历身份而非社会功能。
  • 把文化问题同阶级组织和物质制度割裂。
  • Reducing cultural hegemony to propaganda technique.
  • Treating intellectuals as credentialed individuals rather than social functions.
  • Separating cultural questions from class organization and material institutions.
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国家、阶级统治与革命问题 / 帝国主义、殖民体系与世界革命 / 国际主义协作与当代任务 / 组织能力、群众工作与合法公共实践

民族与殖民地问题National and Colonial Questions

民族自决、殖民地、被压迫民族和国际主义策略。Self-determination, colonies, oppressed nations, and internationalist strategy.

核心问题Core Questions

  • 民族压迫、殖民体系和资本主义世界市场如何相互构成?
  • 民族自决与无产阶级国际主义为何不是对立原则?
  • 殖民地半殖民地革命为什么必须从本国具体结构出发?
  • How do national oppression, colonial systems, and the capitalist world market constitute one another?
  • Why are national self-determination and proletarian internationalism not opposed principles?
  • Why must colonial and semi-colonial revolutions begin from their concrete social structures?

入门阅读Entry Reading 《民族和殖民地问题提纲初稿》Draft Theses on National and Colonial Questions《论持久战》On Protracted War《新民主主义论》On New Democracy《中国社会各阶级的分析导读》Analysis of the Classes in Chinese Society: Study Guide

核心阅读Core Reading 《论民族自决权》The Right of Nations to Self-Determination《中国社会各阶级的分析》Analysis of the Classes in Chinese Society《湖南农民运动考察报告》Report on an Investigation of the Peasant Movement in Hunan《中国的红色政权为什么能够存在?》Why Is It That Red Political Power Can Exist in China?《星星之火,可以燎原》A Single Spark Can Start a Prairie Fire

进阶阅读Advanced Reading 《德国农民战争》The Peasant War in Germany《土地问题和“马克思的批评家”》The Agrarian Question and the Critics of Marx《社会民主党在民主革命中的两种策略》Two Tactics of Social-Democracy in the Democratic Revolution《论粮食税》The Tax in Kind《论合作社》On Cooperation

常见误区Common Misreadings

  • 把国际主义理解成否认民族压迫。
  • 把民族解放等同于任何民族主义。
  • 把不同国家经验机械照搬。
  • Understanding internationalism as denial of national oppression.
  • Equating national liberation with any nationalism.
  • Mechanically copying experiences across countries.
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阶级直觉:看见资本主义日常 / 国际主义协作与当代任务 / 国家、阶级统治与革命问题 / 文化、意识形态与出版阵地 / 组织能力、群众工作与合法公共实践

政党理论Party Theory

工人政党、组织原则、政治报刊、纪律和干部培养。Workers’ parties, organization, political press, discipline, and cadre development.

核心问题Core Questions

  • 政党、刊物、读书会和资料协作如何把分散经验转化为稳定公共能力?
  • 政治意识、自发斗争和理论教育之间是什么关系?
  • 组织如何服务群众而不是替代群众?
  • How can parties, publications, study circles, and documentation turn scattered experience into durable public capacity?
  • What is the relation between political consciousness, spontaneous struggle, and theoretical education?
  • How can organization serve the masses rather than substitute for them?

入门阅读Entry Reading 《共产党宣言》Manifesto of the Communist Party《哥达纲领批判》Critique of the Gotha Programme《什么是“人民之友”以及他们如何攻击社会民主主义者?》What the "Friends of the People" Are and How They Fight the Social-Democrats《怎么办?》What Is To Be Done?

核心阅读Core Reading 《共产主义原理》Principles of Communism《马克思主义和修正主义》Marxism and Revisionism《四月提纲》The April Theses《共产主义运动中的“左派”幼稚病》Left-Wing Communism: An Infantile Disorder《中国共产党在民族战争中的地位》The Role of the Chinese Communist Party in the National War

进阶阅读Advanced Reading 《国际工人协会成立宣言》Inaugural Address of the International Working Men's Association《论权威》On Authority《巴枯宁主义者在行动》The Bakuninists at Work《1891年社会民主党纲领草案批判》Critique of the Draft Social-Democratic Programme of 1891《党的组织和党的出版物》Party Organization and Party Literature

常见误区Common Misreadings

  • 把组织理论读成命令主义。
  • 把群众经验和理论教育对立起来。
  • 把历史组织争论当作当代实操手册。
  • Reading organization theory as commandism.
  • Opposing mass experience to theoretical education.
  • Treating historical organizational debates as contemporary operational manuals.
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阶级直觉:看见资本主义日常 / 国际主义协作与当代任务 / 政治经济学:理解资本运动 / 国家、阶级统治与革命问题 / 方法论:从感受进入历史唯物主义

组织理论Organization Theory

群众工作、读书会、公开协作、会议、出版和资料整理。Mass work, study circles, public collaboration, meetings, publishing, and documentation.

核心问题Core Questions

  • 公开、合法、透明的资料协作如何形成长期组织能力?
  • 纪律、分工、审核和来源追溯怎样服务公共教育?
  • 如何避免空谈化、冒险主义和脱离群众?
  • How can public, lawful, transparent documentation collaboration build long-term organizational capacity?
  • How do discipline, division of labor, review, and source traceability serve public education?
  • How can we avoid empty talk, adventurism, and isolation from the masses?

入门阅读Entry Reading 《共产党宣言》Manifesto of the Communist Party《工资、价格和利润》Value, Price and Profit《法兰西内战》The Civil War in France《哥达纲领批判》Critique of the Gotha Programme

核心阅读Core Reading 《路易·波拿巴的雾月十八日》The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte《共产主义原理》Principles of Communism《马克思主义和修正主义》Marxism and Revisionism《马克思主义的三个来源和三个组成部分》The Three Sources and Three Component Parts of Marxism《论民族自决权》The Right of Nations to Self-Determination

进阶阅读Advanced Reading 《1848年至1850年的法兰西阶级斗争》The Class Struggles in France, 1848 to 1850《国际工人协会成立宣言》Inaugural Address of the International Working Men's Association《德国农民战争》The Peasant War in Germany《德国的革命和反革命》Revolution and Counter-Revolution in Germany《论权威》On Authority

常见误区Common Misreadings

  • 把组织能力误解为秘密化或技术化。
  • 把合法边界看成弱化政治表达。
  • 把资料协作和实际群众需要分离。
  • Mistaking organizational capacity for secrecy or technical management.
  • Treating lawful boundaries as weakened political expression.
  • Separating documentation collaboration from real mass needs.
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