核心问题Core Questions

入门阅读Entry Reading

1871 · Karl Marx法兰西内战The Civil War in France总结巴黎公社经验，讨论无产阶级国家形式。Summarizes the Paris Commune and proletarian forms of state power.1875 · Karl Marx哥达纲领批判Critique of the Gotha Programme讨论过渡时期、分配原则、国家和工人党纲领。Discusses transition, distribution, the state, and workers' party programs.1884 · Friedrich Engels家庭、私有制和国家的起源The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State从亲属制度、私有制和国家起源讨论社会形态变迁。Studies kinship, private property, and state origins through social formations.1917 · V. I. Lenin国家与革命The State and Revolution关于国家、巴黎公社、无产阶级专政和过渡时期的核心著作。Core work on the state, Paris Commune, dictatorship of the proletariat, and transition.

核心阅读Core Reading

1844 · Karl Marx黑格尔法哲学批判导言Introduction to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right提出宗教批判、无产阶级历史作用和德国批判的任务。Sets out religious criticism, the proletariat's role, and the task of German critique.1852 · Karl Marx路易·波拿巴的雾月十八日The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte经典政治分析文本，揭示阶级、国家、群众和领导的复杂关系。Classic political analysis of class, state, masses, and leadership.1917 · V. I. Lenin四月提纲The April Theses提出从二月革命转向社会主义革命的政治路线。Sets out the turn from February toward socialist revolution.1928 · Mao Zedong中国的红色政权为什么能够存在？Why Is It That Red Political Power Can Exist in China?分析农村根据地、武装斗争和中国革命道路的可能性。Analyzes rural base areas, armed struggle, and the Chinese revolutionary path.1945 · Mao Zedong论联合政府On Coalition Government七大政治报告，系统提出抗战后中国政治前途。Seventh Party Congress report on China's post-war political future.

进阶阅读Advanced Reading

1843 · Karl Marx黑格尔法哲学批判Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right早期国家、法与市民社会批判，是理解马克思政治批判转向的重要文本。Early critique of state, law, and civil society; key to Marx's political turn.1843 · Karl Marx论犹太人问题On the Jewish Question讨论政治解放、人类解放与资产阶级权利形式。Examines political emancipation, human emancipation, and bourgeois rights.1850 · Karl Marx1848年至1850年的法兰西阶级斗争The Class Struggles in France, 1848 to 1850分析革命、阶级联盟、国家权力和政治形势。Analyzes revolution, class alliances, state power, and political conjuncture.1851-1852 · Friedrich Engels德国的革命和反革命Revolution and Counter-Revolution in Germany总结1848年德国革命的阶级关系、国家结构和失败原因。Assesses class relations, state structure, and defeat in the German 1848 revolution.1872 · Friedrich Engels论权威On Authority针对无政府主义争论，讨论组织、生产和革命中的权威问题。Addresses authority in organization, production, and revolution against anarchist arguments.

常见误区Common Misreadings