The Lyons Theses
An Antonio Gramsci Reader
selected writings, 1916-1935 Edited by David Forgacs Schocken Books New York
Published in the United States by Schocken Books Inc., New York. Distributed by Pantheon Books, a division of Random House, Inc., New York. This compilation originally published in Great Britain as A Gramsci Reader by Lawrence and Wishart, London, in 1988.
Edited by David Forgacs (© annotations and the selection), including translations from: Selections from Prison Notebooks (© Quintin Hoare and Geoffrey Nowell-Smith, 1971); from Selections from Political Writings (1910-1920) (© Lawrence and Wishart, 1977); from Selections from Political Writings (1921-1926) (© Quintin Hoare, 1978); from Selections from Cultural Writings (© Lawrence and Wishart, 1986), and previously unpubished material (© David Forgacs 1988 and © Lawrence and Wishart 1988).
HTML Mark-up by Andy Blunden, December 2002. Proofed and corrected by Kevin Goins, 2007.
Contents
Part One: Writings 1916-1926 I Socialism and Marxism 1917-1918
1 Discipline 2 The Revolution against Capital [from Selections from the Political Writings 1910-1920 ] 3 Our Marx 4 Class Intransigence and Italian History 5 Utopia II Working-Class Education and Culture
1 Socialism and Culture 2 Schools of Labour 3 Men or Machines? [from Selections from the Political Writings 1910-1920 ] 4 The Popular University 5 Illiteracy 6 The Problem of the School 7 (Questions of Culture] 8 Marinetti the Revolutionary?
III Factory Councils and Socialist Democracy
1 Workers’ Democracy 2 Conquest of the State 3 To the Workshop Delegates of the Fiat Centro and Brevetti Plants 4 Unions and Councils [from Selections from the Political Writings 1910-1920 ] 5 Red Sunday 6 Political Capacity 7 Those Mainly Responsible 8 Once again on Organic Capacities of Working Class [from Selections from the Political Writings 1921-1926 ] IV Communism 1919-24
1 The War in the Colonies 2 Workers and Peasants 3 The Livorno Congress 4 Parties and Masses [from Selections from the Political Writings 1921-1926 ] 5 What the Relations Should Be Between the PCdI and the Comintern 6 [Letter to Togliatti, Terracini and Others] V Fascist Reaction and Communist Strategy 1924-1926
1 The Crisis of the Middle Classes 2 The Italian Situtation and the Tasks of the PCdl (Lyons Theses) [from Selections from the Political Writings 1921-1926 ] 3 Letter to the Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party 4 Some Aspects of the Southern Question [from Selections from the Political Writings 1921-1926 ]
Part Two: Prison Writings 1929-1935
VI Hegemony, Relations of Force, Historical Bloc
1 Structure and Superstructure [i] [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] 2 Structure and Superstructure [ii] [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] 3 Structure and Superstructures [iii] [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] 4 [ The Concept of ‘Historical Bloc’ ] [published for the first time in The Reader ] 5 [ Ethico-Political History ] [from Selections from Cultural Writing ] 6 [ Ethico-Political History and Hegemony ] [published for the first time in The Reader ] 7 [ Political Ideologies ] [published for the first time in The Reader
] 8 Ideologies [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] 9 Validity of Ideologies [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] 10 Analysis of Situations
: Relations of Force [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] 11 Some Theoretical and Practical Aspects of ‘Economism’ [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] [& in The Modern Prince ] 12 Observations on Certain Aspects of the Structure of Political Parties in Periods of Organic Crisis [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] VII The Art and Science of Politics
1 [ War of Position and War of Manoeuvre ] [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] 2 War of Position and War of Manoeuvre or Frontal War [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] 3 Transition from the War of Manoeuvre (and from Frontal Attack) to the War of Position in the Political Field as Well 4 [Internationalism and National Policy] 5 Question of the ‘Collective Man’ or ‘Social Conformism’ 6 Concept of State 7 Ethical or Cultural State 8 State as Gendarme-Nightwatchman, etc. 9 The State as Veilleur de Nuit 10 Economic-Corporate Phase of the State
11 Statolatry 12 [ The Political Party as Modern ‘Prince’ ] [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] 13 Fetishism VIII Passive Revolution, Caesarism, Fascism
1 The Problem of Political Leadership in the Formation and Development of the Modern State in Italy [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] 2 Notes on French National Life 3 The Concept of ‘Passive Revolution’ [i] 4 [The Concept of Passive Revolution ii] 5 [The Concept of Passive Revolution iii] 6 [Fascism as Passive Revolution: First Version] 7 [Fascism as Passive Revolution: Second Version] 8 Agitation and Propaganda [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] 9 Caesarism [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] 10 Caesarism and ‘Catastrophic’
Equilibrium of Politico-Social Forces IX Americanism and Fordism
1 Rationalization of the Demographic Composition of Europe [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] 2 Some Aspects of the Sexual Question [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] 3 Financial Autarky and Industry [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] 4 ‘Animality’ and Industrialism [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] 5 Rationalization of Production and Work [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] 6 Taylorism and the Mechanization of the Worker [from Selections from the Prison Notebooks ] 7 [Babbitt] 8 Babbitt Again 9 Notes on American
Culture X Intellectuals and Education
1 [Intellectuals] 2 Observations on the School: In Search of the Educational Principle 3 [Intellectuals and Non-Intellectuals] XI Philosophy, Common Sense, Language and Folklore
1 Notes for an Introduction and an Approach to the Study of Philosophy in the History of Culture i Some preliminary reference points ii Observations and critical notes on an attempt at a ‘Popular Manual of Sociology’ 2 Language, Languages, Common Sense 3 [‘Knowledge’ and ‘Feeling’] 4 [The Philosophy of Praxis and ‘Intellectual and Moral Reformation’] 5 How Many Forms of Grammar Can There Be? 6 Sources of Diffusion of Linguistic Innovations in the Tradition and of a National Linguistic Conformism in the Broad National Masses 7 Historical and Normative Grammars
8 Grammar and Technique 9 Observations on Folklore XII Popular Culture
1 Concept of ‘National-Popular’ 2 Various Types of Popular Novel 3 The Operatic Conception of Life 4 Popular Literature. Operatic Taste 5 Oratory, Conversation, Culture XIII Journalism
1 Ideological Material 2 Dilettantism and Discipline 3 [Integral Journalism] 4 Types of Periodical XIV Art and the Struggle for a New Civilization
1 Art and the Struggle for a New Civilization 2 Art and Culture 3 Literary Criticism 4 Criteria of Literary Criticism 5 Sincerity (or Spontaneity) and Discipline 6 [‘Functional’ Literature]